2001-1

The purpose of this project was to develop non-chemical and energy efficient alternatives to chlorination and traditional boiling as drinking-water disinfection methods in emergency situations. The project was started with an investigation of methods in use today and possible alternatives. Two alternative methods that seemed to be promising were chosen – the first method is […]

Waste-water could be used for forest irrigation as a method for utilising the resources in the water. Forest irrigation systems are rare in Sweden; however, there are some examples in both the north and the south of the country. If irrigation is to be used as a whole-year system, storage of the wastewater due to […]

A Nordic specialist workshop based on a report on Chlorination of drinking water was organised to summarise practical experience from the Nordic countries and to discuss the chlorination strategies for the future. The workshop discussed the following questions: 1) Is it possible to optimise the chlorination process with respect to disinfection effect and the formation […]

In Finland approximately one third of the total area of lakes is regulated, i.e. 11 000 km2. A large amount of research and development has been conducted on the regulation of watercourses during the last 15 years. Extensive studies have been undertaken in a number of large waterways to assess the ecological, social and economic […]

The rain statistics used in designing storm sewers in Malmö today does not include data of the last decades. A new evaluation of rainfall data from the last twenty years in Malmö has been made and new intensity-duration-frequency curves have been created. A comparison with earlier statistics shows large discrepancies. The reason for these is […]

Pollution of land and water resources from agricultural production have become a major concern inside most member countries of the European Union (EU). This is basically due to concentrations of farm units, specialization and intensification of the production processes. The new EU Water Framework Directive gives possibilities to introduce environmental charges as a measure to […]